Methodology

Every score on Stocktoria is computed from free SEC EDGAR filings using public, citeable formulas. They are factual, balance-sheet-driven, and price-independent — not forecasts, not advice.

Piotroski F-score (0–9)

A nine-point check of year-over-year financial health, due to Joseph Piotroski (2000). One point each for: positive return on assets, positive operating cash flow, rising ROA, cash flow exceeding net income (earnings quality), falling long-term-debt ratio, rising current ratio, no share dilution, rising gross margin, rising asset turnover. Higher is stronger.

Altman Z″ (distress risk)

The book-value variant of Edward Altman’s Z-score, usable without a market price:

Z″ = 6.56·X1 + 3.26·X2 + 6.72·X3 + 1.05·X4

where X1 = working capital / assets, X2 = retained earnings / assets, X3 = EBIT / assets, X4 = book equity / total liabilities. Z″ > 2.6 safe · 1.1–2.6 grey · < 1.1 distress. It does not apply to banks/insurers, where it is left blank.

Dividend safety

Payout ratio (dividends ÷ net income) and free-cash-flow coverage (dividends ÷ FCF). Lower payout is safer: < 40% safe · 40–60% moderate · 60–85% stretched · > 85% at-risk.

Each company page links here and cites its SEC source filing with an as-of date.